[Sep 01, 2025] Latest Questions CWISA-103 Guide to Prepare Free Practice Tests
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NEW QUESTION # 38
You are planning a wireless implementation. At what point should you begin to consider security requirements for the implementation?
- A. In the acceptance testing phase
- B. During hand-off to support
- C. In the planning phase
- D. In the implementation phase
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Security by Design: Security should be a fundamental consideration from the initial planning stages of any wireless implementation. This ensures:
* Risk Assessment: Identifying potential vulnerabilities early on.
* Security Controls: Choosing appropriate encryption, authentication, and access control mechanisms.
* Integration: Security measures are seamlessly woven into the system's architecture, not retrofitted later, which can be less effective.
NEW QUESTION # 39
You must ensure proper security controls are in place for a wireless solution. The solution allows for the use of groups to grant access to resources and capabilities. What is the term used to describe a situation where an individual is granted more access than required because of inclusion in a group?
- A. Improper grouping
- B. Privilege escalation
- C. Improper delegation
- D. Privilege creep
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Privilege Creep Defined: Gradual accumulation of excessive permissions over time, often due to users changing roles or access needs not being adjusted accordingly.
* Other Terms:
* Privilege Escalation: A malicious act of obtaining higher-than-authorized access.
* Improper Delegation/Grouping: Faulty permission assignment, but not the gradual accretion aspect.
References:
Principle of Least Privilege: Security best practice emphasizing the need to minimize access to only what's necessary.
Access Control Models: Discussions of how privilege creep can violate security principles.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which one of the following location tracking technologies is most energy efficient in typical implementations?
- A. Wi-Fi
- B. GPS
- C. Cellular
- D. BLE Beacons
Answer: D
Explanation:
* BLE Beacon Power Efficiency: Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons are designed for low power consumption. Their primary function is to periodically broadcast short data packets (advertising their presence).
* Other Technologies:
* Cellular: More power-hungry due to long-range communication and complex protocols.
* GPS: Power intensive, especially when actively tracking location.
* Wi-Fi:
NEW QUESTION # 41
What function does the IEEE perform in relation to wireless technologies?
- A. Certified equipment to be compatible
- B. Brings wireless products to market
- C. Designs wireless chipsets
- D. Promotes technology and standards development
Answer: D
Explanation:
* IEEE's Role: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a global organization critical in developing and promoting technical standards across various fields, including wireless technologies.
* Standards Work: IEEE creates wireless technology standards like:
* IEEE 802.11: Wi-Fi standards
* IEEE 802.15.4: Basis for ZigBee, Thread, and other low-power networks References
* IEEE: https://www.ieee.org/
NEW QUESTION # 42
When deploying devices in an indoor manufacturing environment, which IP rating is more likely to be required?
- A. IP46
- B. IP47
- C. IP38
- D. IP66
Answer: D
Explanation:
* IP Ratings & Manufacturing: IP66 provides:
* Dust-tight: (First '6') Complete protection against dust ingress.
* Powerful Water Jets: (Second '6') Protection against strong water jets from any direction.
* Harsh Manufacturing Environments: IP66 is common due to dust, dirt, and potential exposure to liquids during cleaning or spills.
References
* IP Ratings: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_Code
NEW QUESTION # 43
What is the benefit of using SINR as opposed to SNR to reference signal quality at a receiver?
- A. SNR excludes the noise floor, which skews the results
- B. SNR includes interference measurements that skew the results
- C. SINR excludes interference and only measures the noise floor
- D. SINR includes interference as well as the noise floor
Answer: D
Explanation:
* SINR vs. SNR:
* SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio): Measures the power of the desired signal relative to background noise.
* SINR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio): Considers both background noise and interference from other signals operating on the same frequency.
* Practical Importance: SINR is a more realistic indicator of real-world signal quality in wireless environments where interference is a significant factor.
References
* SINR: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-interference-plus-noise_ratio
* SNR: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratio
NEW QUESTION # 44
What is the spacing between ZigBee channels when operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band?
- A. 5 MHz
- B. 1 MHz
- C. 25 MHz
- D. 2 MHz
Answer: A
Explanation:
* ZigBee Channel Spacing: ZigBee channels in the 2.4 GHz band are spaced 5 MHz apart. This helps manage interference in the crowded 2.4 GHz spectrum.
NEW QUESTION # 45
What software is typically stored in ROM and is used to initialize a device?
- A. Firmware
- B. Application
- C. Service
- D. Container
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Firmware Definition: Firmware is a type of software embedded in hardware devices. It provides low- level instructions that control the basic operations and initialization of the device.
* ROM Storage: Firmware is typically stored in Read-Only Memory (ROM) or other forms of non- volatile memory, meaning it persists even when the device is powered off.
* Functions:
* Booting: Initiates the hardware and loads the operating system.
* Hardware Control: Provides an interface between the hardware and the operating system.
* BIOS: The firmware on PCs is often referred to as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System).
References
* Firmware Explanation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firmware
* ROM: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory
NEW QUESTION # 46
You must plan for encryption in a wireless solution deployment. What type of data should always be encrypted? (Choose the single best answer.)
- A. Non-sensitive data in archives
- B. Sensitive data in memory
- C. Sensitive data in transmission
- D. Non-sensitive data at rest
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Most Vulnerable In Transit: Sensitive data (passwords, health information, etc.) is most susceptible to interception while being sent over a wireless network. Encryption is crucial at this stage.
* Encryption at Rest and in Memory: While also important, these are often handled with different cryptographic techniques depending on the system.
References:
Wireless Security Protocols: Details on encryption standards like WPA2/WPA3, TLS that focus on protecting data during transmission.
NEW QUESTION # 47
What is defined as the weakening of signal amplitude as the signal passes through a medium?
- A. Reflection
- B. Attenuation
- C. Scattering
- D. Diffraction
Answer: B
Explanation:
* Attenuation: Describes the progressive loss of signal strength as it travels through a medium (like air, cables, walls). It's caused by factors like absorption, distance, and obstacles.
* Other Phenomena:
* Diffraction: Bending of waves around obstacles.
* Reflection: Waves bouncing off surfaces.
* **Scattering: ** Waves dispersing in multiple directions.
References
* Attenuation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation
NEW QUESTION # 48
You are creating documentation for a new wireless solution that is deployed in the organization. Why is it important to document APIs in use within the system?
- A. If APIs are in use, it typically indicates the use of custom scripts or application code. Future support will be easier when the APIs in use are documented.
- B. It allows future support to implement APIs that have not been used at the time of deployment.
- C. If APIs are in use, it typically indicates that the vendor has not provided ideal support. Without documentation, you cannot prove this reality for a discount.
- D. The APIs in use will not function without this documentation. The documentation is linked to the executable process of the APIs.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Customization and Integrations: The presence of APIs often suggests a system is integrated with other platforms or has custom-built elements.
* Understanding Dependencies: Documenting used APIs helps clarify how different parts of the system interact and where potential issues might arise.
* Troubleshooting Efficiency: Detailed API documentation aids in resolving problems, allowing staff to assess interconnected systems effectively.
* Knowledge transfer: Future support teams won't have to reverse-engineer the system; documentation ensures smooth handover and understanding.
References:
Best practices API documentation: Guides on API documentation formats and the level of detail needed for maintenance. [Example: Swagger, OpenAPI Specification] (https://swagger.io/) Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC): Materials emphasizing the importance of documentation during development and support phases.
NEW QUESTION # 49
What modulation is used by LoRa?
- A. ASK
- B. CSS
- C. OFDMA
- D. OFDM
Answer: B
Explanation:
* LoRa Modulation: LoRa (Long Range) is a proprietary wireless technology that utilizes Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) modulation.
* CSS Characteristics:
* Spread spectrum technique for resilience against interference.
* Chirps (frequency sweeps) enable operation below the noise floor for long range.
References
* LoRa: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LoRa
* Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirp_spread_spectrum
NEW QUESTION # 50
What consideration is found in PtMP systems that is not found in PtP systems?
- A. SINR optimization
- B. Frequency selection
- C. Interference avoidance
- D. Airtime management
Answer: D
Explanation:
* PtMP (Point-to-Multipoint): A single access point (AP) communicates with multiple client devices.
This means the AP needs to manage how the available airtime is shared among those clients.
* Airtime Fairness: Mechanisms are needed to ensure that:
* Each client gets a fair chance to communicate
* High-priority traffic isn't starved by low-priority traffic
* PtP (Point-to-Point): A dedicated link only has two devices, eliminating the need for complex airtime management.
* Considerations in Both: While interference, SINR, and frequency selection are important in both PtMP and PtP systems, the need for airtime management is unique to the multipoint scenario.
References:
Wireless Network Topologies (PtP vs. PtMP): Explanations of the differences in how communication is managed in each scenario.
TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access): A common airtime sharing method used in PtMP systems.
NEW QUESTION # 51
Within what development environment is XAML most commonly used?
- A. .NET
- B. R
- C. PHP
- D. Python
Answer: A
Explanation:
* XAML and .NET: XAML (eXtensible Application Markup Language) is primarily used within the .
NET framework for defining user interfaces. Specifically, technologies like:
* WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation): Desktop application UIs
* Xamarin: Mobile app UIs
* XAML in Other Frameworks: While some limited adaptation exists, its core use is tightly coupled with .NET technologies.
References:
XAML Overview (Microsoft Docs): Introductions to XAML emphasizing its use in .NET applications.
WPF Documentation: Tutorials and references specifically mentioning XAML's role in Windows desktop development.
NEW QUESTION # 52
What is the role of the ITU in wireless communications?
- A. Defines international communications standards
- B. Establishes wireless radiation exposure limits
- C. Oversees communications regulatory agencies in each country
- D. Coordinates the shared global use of the radio spectrum
Answer: D
Explanation:
* ITU's Mandate: The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the United Nations focused on global information and communication technologies (ICTs).
* Radio Spectrum Regulation: A core ITU function is allocating radio spectrum bands and satellite orbits to prevent harmful interference between different countries and technologies. This coordination is essential for the orderly use of wireless communications worldwide.
* Other ITU Roles: While involved in standard-setting and establishing best practices, options A and D are less precise than the ITU's spectrum coordination focus.
References:
ITU Website: (https://www.itu.int/en/) Outlines its activities and governance of radio spectrum.
ITU Radio Regulations: The international treaty governing the use of the radio-frequency spectrum.
NEW QUESTION # 53
What is an advantage of an overlay monitoring system for wireless networks as opposed to an Integrated monitoring system?
- A. An overlay solution does not require power provisioning
- B. An overlay solution is less expensive than an integrated solution
- C. An overlay solution functions without disrupting services provided by the wireless network
- D. An overlay solution collects less data so that reporting is more efficient
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Overlay vs. Integrated Monitoring:
* Overlay: A separate monitoring system independent of the primary wireless infrastructure.
* Integrated: Monitoring functions built into wireless access points or controllers.
* Overlay Advantage: Since the overlay system is separate, it doesn't add overhead or complexity to the core network, avoiding potential disruption of wireless services.
NEW QUESTION # 54
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